import logging
from collections import defaultdict
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Callable, TypedDict

from django.db import connection, transaction
from django.db.models import QuerySet
from django.utils.timezone import now as timezone_now
from psycopg2.sql import SQL, Literal
from sqlalchemy.sql import ClauseElement, and_, column, not_, or_
from sqlalchemy.types import Integer

from zerver.lib.timestamp import datetime_to_timestamp
from zerver.lib.topic_sqlalchemy import topic_match_sa
from zerver.lib.types import UserTopicDict
from zerver.models import UserProfile, UserTopic
from zerver.models.streams import get_stream


def get_user_topics(
    user_profile: UserProfile,
    include_deactivated: bool = False,
    include_stream_name: bool = False,
    visibility_policy: int | None = None,
) -> list[UserTopicDict]:
    """
    Fetches UserTopic objects associated with the target user.
    * include_deactivated: Whether to include those associated with
      deactivated streams.
    * include_stream_name: Whether to include stream names in the
      returned dictionaries.
    * visibility_policy: If specified, returns only UserTopic objects
      with the specified visibility_policy value.
    """
    query = UserTopic.objects.filter(user_profile=user_profile)

    if visibility_policy is not None:
        query = query.filter(visibility_policy=visibility_policy)

    # Exclude user topics that are part of deactivated streams unless
    # explicitly requested.
    if not include_deactivated:
        query = query.filter(stream__deactivated=False)

    rows = query.values(
        "stream_id", "stream__name", "topic_name", "last_updated", "visibility_policy"
    )

    result = []
    for row in rows:
        user_topic_dict: UserTopicDict = {
            "stream_id": row["stream_id"],
            "topic_name": row["topic_name"],
            "visibility_policy": row["visibility_policy"],
            "last_updated": datetime_to_timestamp(row["last_updated"]),
        }

        if include_stream_name:
            user_topic_dict["stream__name"] = row["stream__name"]

        result.append(user_topic_dict)

    return result


def get_topic_mutes(
    user_profile: UserProfile, include_deactivated: bool = False
) -> list[tuple[str, str, int]]:
    user_topics = get_user_topics(
        user_profile=user_profile,
        include_deactivated=include_deactivated,
        include_stream_name=True,
        visibility_policy=UserTopic.VisibilityPolicy.MUTED,
    )

    return [
        (user_topic["stream__name"], user_topic["topic_name"], user_topic["last_updated"])
        for user_topic in user_topics
    ]


@transaction.atomic(savepoint=False)
def set_topic_visibility_policy(
    user_profile: UserProfile,
    topics: list[list[str]],
    visibility_policy: int,
    last_updated: datetime | None = None,
) -> None:
    """
    This is only used in tests.
    """

    UserTopic.objects.filter(
        user_profile=user_profile,
        visibility_policy=visibility_policy,
    ).delete()

    if last_updated is None:
        last_updated = timezone_now()
    for stream_name, topic_name in topics:
        stream = get_stream(stream_name, user_profile.realm)
        recipient_id = stream.recipient_id
        assert recipient_id is not None

        bulk_set_user_topic_visibility_policy_in_database(
            user_profiles=[user_profile],
            stream_id=stream.id,
            recipient_id=recipient_id,
            topic_name=topic_name,
            visibility_policy=visibility_policy,
            last_updated=last_updated,
        )


def get_topic_visibility_policy(
    user_profile: UserProfile,
    stream_id: int,
    topic_name: str,
) -> int:
    try:
        user_topic = UserTopic.objects.get(
            user_profile=user_profile, stream_id=stream_id, topic_name__iexact=topic_name
        )
        visibility_policy = user_topic.visibility_policy
    except UserTopic.DoesNotExist:
        visibility_policy = UserTopic.VisibilityPolicy.INHERIT
    return visibility_policy


@transaction.atomic(savepoint=False)
def bulk_set_user_topic_visibility_policy_in_database(
    user_profiles: list[UserProfile],
    stream_id: int,
    topic_name: str,
    *,
    visibility_policy: int,
    recipient_id: int | None = None,
    last_updated: datetime | None = None,
) -> list[UserProfile]:
    # returns the list of user_profiles whose user_topic row
    # is either deleted, updated, or created.
    rows = UserTopic.objects.filter(
        user_profile__in=user_profiles,
        stream_id=stream_id,
        topic_name__iexact=topic_name,
    ).select_related("user_profile", "user_profile__realm")

    user_profiles_with_visibility_policy = [row.user_profile for row in rows]
    user_profiles_without_visibility_policy = list(
        set(user_profiles) - set(user_profiles_with_visibility_policy)
    )

    if visibility_policy == UserTopic.VisibilityPolicy.INHERIT:
        for user_profile in user_profiles_without_visibility_policy:
            # The user doesn't already have a visibility_policy for this topic.
            logging.info(
                "User %s tried to remove visibility_policy, which actually doesn't exist",
                user_profile.id,
            )
        rows.delete()
        return user_profiles_with_visibility_policy

    assert last_updated is not None
    assert recipient_id is not None

    user_profiles_seeking_user_topic_update_or_create: list[UserProfile] = (
        user_profiles_without_visibility_policy
    )
    for row in rows:
        if row.visibility_policy == visibility_policy:
            logging.info(
                "User %s tried to set visibility_policy to its current value of %s",
                row.user_profile_id,
                visibility_policy,
            )
            continue
        # The request is to just 'update' the visibility policy of a topic
        user_profiles_seeking_user_topic_update_or_create.append(row.user_profile)

    if user_profiles_seeking_user_topic_update_or_create:
        user_profile_ids_array = SQL("ARRAY[{}]").format(
            SQL(", ").join(
                [
                    Literal(user_profile.id)
                    for user_profile in user_profiles_seeking_user_topic_update_or_create
                ]
            )
        )

        query = SQL("""
            INSERT INTO zerver_usertopic(user_profile_id, stream_id, recipient_id, topic_name, last_updated, visibility_policy)
            SELECT * FROM UNNEST({user_profile_ids_array}) AS user_profile(user_profile_id)
            CROSS JOIN (VALUES ({stream_id}, {recipient_id}, {topic_name}, {last_updated}, {visibility_policy}))
            AS other_values(stream_id, recipient_id, topic_name, last_updated, visibility_policy)
            ON CONFLICT (user_profile_id, stream_id, lower(topic_name)) DO UPDATE SET
            last_updated = EXCLUDED.last_updated,
            visibility_policy = EXCLUDED.visibility_policy;
        """).format(
            user_profile_ids_array=user_profile_ids_array,
            stream_id=Literal(stream_id),
            recipient_id=Literal(recipient_id),
            topic_name=Literal(topic_name),
            last_updated=Literal(last_updated),
            visibility_policy=Literal(visibility_policy),
        )

        with connection.cursor() as cursor:
            cursor.execute(query)

    return user_profiles_seeking_user_topic_update_or_create


def topic_has_visibility_policy(
    user_profile: UserProfile, stream_id: int, topic_name: str, visibility_policy: int
) -> bool:
    if visibility_policy == UserTopic.VisibilityPolicy.INHERIT:
        has_user_topic_row = UserTopic.objects.filter(
            user_profile=user_profile, stream_id=stream_id, topic_name__iexact=topic_name
        ).exists()
        return not has_user_topic_row
    has_visibility_policy = UserTopic.objects.filter(
        user_profile=user_profile,
        stream_id=stream_id,
        topic_name__iexact=topic_name,
        visibility_policy=visibility_policy,
    ).exists()
    return has_visibility_policy


def exclude_topic_mutes(
    conditions: list[ClauseElement], user_profile: UserProfile, stream_id: int | None
) -> list[ClauseElement]:
    # Note: Unlike get_topic_mutes, here we always want to
    # consider topics in deactivated streams, so they are
    # never filtered from the query in this method.
    query = UserTopic.objects.filter(
        user_profile=user_profile,
        visibility_policy=UserTopic.VisibilityPolicy.MUTED,
    )

    if stream_id is not None:
        # If we are narrowed to a stream, we can optimize the query
        # by not considering topic mutes outside the stream.
        query = query.filter(stream_id=stream_id)

    rows = query.values(
        "recipient_id",
        "topic_name",
    )

    if not rows:
        return conditions

    class RecipientTopicDict(TypedDict):
        recipient_id: int
        topic_name: str

    def mute_cond(row: RecipientTopicDict) -> ClauseElement:
        recipient_id = row["recipient_id"]
        topic_name = row["topic_name"]
        stream_cond = column("recipient_id", Integer) == recipient_id
        topic_cond = topic_match_sa(topic_name)
        return and_(stream_cond, topic_cond)

    condition = not_(or_(*map(mute_cond, rows)))
    return [*conditions, condition]


def build_get_topic_visibility_policy(
    user_profile: UserProfile,
) -> Callable[[int, str], int]:
    """Prefetch the visibility policies the user has configured for
    various topics.

    The prefetching helps to avoid the db queries later in the loop
    to determine the user's visibility policy for a topic.
    """
    rows = UserTopic.objects.filter(user_profile=user_profile).values(
        "recipient_id",
        "topic_name",
        "visibility_policy",
    )

    topic_to_visibility_policy: dict[tuple[int, str], int] = defaultdict(int)
    for row in rows:
        recipient_id = row["recipient_id"]
        topic_name = row["topic_name"]
        visibility_policy = row["visibility_policy"]
        topic_to_visibility_policy[(recipient_id, topic_name)] = visibility_policy

    def get_topic_visibility_policy(recipient_id: int, topic_name: str) -> int:
        return topic_to_visibility_policy[(recipient_id, topic_name.lower())]

    return get_topic_visibility_policy


def get_users_with_user_topic_visibility_policy(
    stream_id: int, topic_name: str
) -> QuerySet[UserTopic]:
    return UserTopic.objects.filter(
        stream_id=stream_id, topic_name__iexact=topic_name
    ).select_related("user_profile", "user_profile__realm")